CLASSIFICATION OF DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES FOR A SHIPYARD'S ACTIVITY IN ROMANIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71235/rmee.224Keywords:
strategies, shipyard's weaknesses, relaunch of the closed shipyard’s capacities, energy crisisAbstract
The paper highlights four of the most relevant strategies that are useful for the development of a shipyard in Romania, in the context of the current conflict in the Black Sea area and the energy crisis. The analysis is based on the use of two useful tools in strategic planning, SWOT and AHP, which have allowed the identification of environmental factors and, respectively, the determination of the global priorities of these strategies in relation to the established criteria, to rank them. The results obtained have shown that the most two relevant strategies are the strategy regarding the implementation of aggressive campaigns focused on market segments with low competition, which combines the strengths of the shipyard with the opportunities of the environment in which it operates and the strategy regarding the adaptation of the modernization of military ships to the conflict requirements in the Black Sea, which combines the strengths with the threats from the external environment. The other two ranked strategies have been the strategy regarding the relaunch of closed capacities towards repair activities for other types of ships, defined by combining the shipyard's weaknesses with environmental opportunities, and the strategy regarding the renegotiation of contracts and reduction of consumption to mitigate the impact of high costs and the energy crisis, which combines the weaknesses with threats from the external environment.
References
Akhter Hossain, K. (2023). SWOT Analysis of Shipbuilding Industry of Bangladesh. Research & Development, 4(3), 75-83. Doi: 10.11648/j.rd.20230403.11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rd.20230403.11
Amir, M. U., Manzoor, B. (2025). Renegotiating Contracts of Independent Power Projects (IPPS) in Pakistan: Prospects, Challenges, and Legal Implications. The Critical Review of Social Sciences Studies, 3 (3), 2703 – 2721.DOI: 10.59075/6d8c3z44 DOI: https://doi.org/10.59075/6d8c3z44
Arslan, O. and Turan, O. (2009). Analytical investigation of marine casualties at the Strait of Istanbul with the SWOT-AHP method. Maritime Policy & Management, 36(2), 131-145. DOI: 10.1080/03088830902868081. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03088830902868081
Baihaqi, I., Lazakis, I., Supomo, H. (2024). A novel shipyard performance measurement approach through an integrated Value Engineering and Risk Assessment (VENRA) framework using a hybrid MCDM tool. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment, 238(4), 911-932. Doi:10.1177/14750902231219533. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/14750902231219533
Baihaqi, I., Lazakis, I. and Kurt, R.E. (2021). Developing a hybrid value engineering and risk assessment (VENRA) framework for shipbuilding and ship repair industry performance measurement. In: International Conference of ship and Offshore Technology (ICSOT), 19 - 20 November 2021, Surabaya, Indonesia, pp. 1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3940/rina.icsotindonesia.2021.07
Baihaqi, I., Lazakis, I. and Kurt, R.E. (2023). Development of a novel integrated value engineering and risk assessment (VENRA) framework for shipyard performance measurement: A case study for an Indonesian shipyard. Ships and Offshore Structures, 19(8), 1118-1133, Doi:10.1080/17445302.2023.2228115. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17445302.2023.2228115
Bayraktar, M., Pamik, M., Sokukcu, M., Yuksel, O. (2023). SWOT-AHP analysis on biodiesel as an alternative future marine fuel. Clean Techn Environ Policy, 25, 2233–2248.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-023-02501-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-023-02501-7
Borajee, M. and Yakchali, S. H. (2011). Using the AHP-ELECTRE III integrated method in a competitive profile matrix. International Conference on Financial Management and Economics Proceedings, 11, 68-72.
Buhari, H., Lumaksono, H., Tukan, M. (2020). The Strategy Determination to Improve Marine Security Using SWOT-AHP. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 469, 012099. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/469/1/012099. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/469/1/012099
Chen, C., Zhang, X., Wang, G., Feng, F., Sun, C., He, Q. (2023). A Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Framework for Ship-Equipment Suitability Evaluation Using Improved ISM, AHP, and Fuzzy TOPSIS Methods. J. Mar. Sci. Eng., 11, 607. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11030607. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11030607
Deniozos, N., Stamatopoulos, T. (2025).Optimizing Maritime Security Strategies: A Methodological Approach Using AHP and SWOT. European Research Studies Journal, XXVIII (3), 552-568, DOI: 10.35808/ersj/4060. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35808/ersj/4060
Doerry, N., Philip Koenig, P. (2017). Modularity and Adaptability in Future U.S. Navy Ship Designs. Conference: MECON 2017, Hamburg, Germany.
European Maritime Strategy for the Shipbuilding Sector: industriAll Europe position. (2025). Retrieved from https://news.industriall-europe.eu/documents/upload/2025/5/638838750289632715_European_Maritime_Strategy_-_iAE_Position_Paper_EN_260525.pdf
Freitas Pinto, P.D.J., dos Santos Grecco, C.H. and Nunes Cosenza, C.A. (2021). Fuzzy model for the priorization analysis of variable quality performance: An approach in shipbuilding. Fuzzy Inf. Eng., Fuzzy Information and Engineering, 12(5):1-23. Doi: 10.1080/16168658.2020.1792610. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/16168658.2020.1792610
Gavalas, D., Syriopoulos, T. and Tsatsaronis, M. (2022). Assessing key performance indicators in the shipbuilding industry; an MCDM approach. Marit Pol Manage, 49 (4), 463–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2021.1876939. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2021.1876939
Görener, A., Kerem, T. and Uluçay, K. (2012). Application of Combined SWOT and AHP: A Case Study for a Manufacturing Firm. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 58, 1525-1534.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.1139. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.1139
Grunig R., Kuhn R. (2005). Successful decision-making: a systematic approach to complex problems, Springer, 1st edition, Berlin, Springer Publishing House. Doi: 10.1007/3-540-27503-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27503-7
Gűneș E., Uflaz, E., Arslan, O (2024). Comparing the Ship Recycling Process for Different Countries: A Comparative Study of Türkiye, Bangladesh, and India. Conference: Global Maritime Congress (GMC’24), Turcia, Istambul
Halder, P., Mehtaj, N., Zakaria, N.M.G. (2022). SWOT analysis of the shipbuilding industry of Bangladesh in the light of IR4.0. Proceedings of MARTEC, 21-22 December 2022, BUET, Dhaka, Bangladesh. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4446276
İnal, O. B., Şenol, Y. E. (2024). SWOT-AHP Analysis of Different Colours of Hydrogen for Decarbonization of Shipping. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 11(2), 29-037. Doi: 10.30897/ijegeo.1480096. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.1480096
Kong, H., Xue, X. Z., Zhang, X. Y. (2012). Applying SWOT-AHP Analysis in Sustainable Marine Development Plan: Case Study in Shantou Municipality. Advanced Materials Research, 524-527, 3741-3745. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.524-527.3741 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.524-527.3741
Liu, Y. (2024). A Strategic Decision-Making Model Combining SWOT Analysis with AHP Method. Proceedings of the 2024 2nd International Conference on Finance, Trade and Business Management (FTBM 2024). Doi: 10.2991/978-94-6463-546-1_25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-546-1_25
Ma’ruf, B., Okumoto, Y., Widjaja, S. (2006), Environment-Based Strategic Management Model for Indonesia’s Medium-Sized Shipyards, Journal of Ship Production, 22(4), 195-202. Doi:10.5957/jsp.2006.22.4.195. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5957/jsp.2006.22.4.195
Pearce, J., Robinson, R. (2000). Strategic Management: Formulation, Implementation, and Control, 7th Edition, McGraw-Hill, Malaysia. Retrieved from https://books.google.ro/books/about/Strategic_Management.html?id=Wmu1AAAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y.
Polemis, D., Boviatsis, M. (2023). Potential Development Strategy for the Shipbuilding and Ship Repair in Baltics: A Case Study of Latvia. Scientific Journal of Maritime Research, 37, 5-15 https://doi.org/10.31217/p.37.1.1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31217/p.37.1.1
Popescu, G, Gasparotti, C. (2022). SWOT-AHP hybrid method for ranking the strategies in the shipbuilding sector. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 23 (3), 706-730.DOI: 10.3846/jbem.2022.17029. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2022.17029
Popescu, G., Ungureanu, C., Gasparotti, C. (2025). Employees’ Perception of the Importance of Implementing Environmental, Social, and Governance Criteria in the Sustainability Report at a Shipyard, Sustainability, 17, 8832. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17198832. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su17198832
Rubeša, R., Hadjina, M., Matulja, T., Bolf, D. (2023). The shipyard technological level evaluation methodology. Brodogradnja, 74 (3), 91–106.https://doi.org/10.21278/brod74305. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21278/brod74305
Saaty, T.L., Vargas, L. G. (2022). Models, Methods, Concepts and Applications of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, Second Edition, International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, 175, 1-345, Springer Publishing House.
Sharma, M., Moon, J.I., Bae, H. (2008). Analytic hierarchy process to assess and optimize distribution network. Applied Mathematics and Computation, 202 (1), 256–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2008.02.008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2008.02.008
Sharma, S., Gandhi, P.J. (2017). Scope and Impact of Implementing Lean Principles & Practices in Shipbuilding. Procedia Eng., 194, 232–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.08.140. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.08.140
Thompson, A. A., Peteraf, M. A., Gamble, John E., Strickland III A. J. (2016). Crafting and Executing Strategy: The quest for competitive advantage. Concepts and Cases, Twentieth edition, McGraw-Hill Education, New York.
Vakili, S.V., Ölçer, A.I., Schönborn, A. (2021). Identification of Shipyard Priorities in a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Environment through a Transdisciplinary Energy Management Framework: A Real Case Study for a Turkish Shipyard. J. Mar. Sci. Eng., 9, 1132. https:// doi.org/10.3390/jmse9101132. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9101132
Wang, J. J. and Yang, D. L. (2007). Using a hybrid multi-criteria decision aid method for information systems outsourcing. Computers & Operation Research, 34(12), 3691-3700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cor.2006.01.017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cor.2006.01.017
Wickramasinghe, V., and Takano, S. (2010). Application of combined SWOT and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for tourism revival strategic marketing planning: A case of Sri Lanka tourism. Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 8, 954–969. https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/easts/8/0/8_0_954/_pdf
Yang, Y., Yu, B., Tai, H. Shen, L., Liu, F. & Wang, S. (2021). A methodology for weighting indicators of value assessment of historic building using AHP with experts’ priorities. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 21(5), 1814-1829. https://doi.org/10.1080/13467581.2021.1971529. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13467581.2021.1971529
Yogi, P., Rizal, O., Ahmadi, S. and Suharyo, O., S. (2017). Feasibility Analysis of Naval Base Relocation Using SWOT and AHP Method to Support Main Duties Operation. J Def Manag, 7(1), 1000160. Doi: 10.4172/2167-0374.1000160. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0374.1000160
Zakaria, A., Arof, A.M., Tholarnathan, T. (2022). SWOT and TOWS Matrix Analysis: A Study on Ro-Ro Port Klang Malaysia. In: Ismail, A., Dahalan, W.M., Öchsner, A. (eds.) Advanced Maritime Technologies and Applications. Advanced Structured Materials, 166, 49-60. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89992-9_5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89992-9_5
Zavadskas, E.K., Turskis, Z., Tamosaitiene, J. (2011). Selection of construction enterprises' management strategy based on the SWOT and multi-criteria analysis. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 11(4), 1063-1082. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1644-9665 (12)60096-X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1644-9665(12)60096-X
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Carmen Marilena Gasparotti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
